Tswana-speaking students’ perceptions of HIV/AIDS and poverty: implications for communication

Abstract

This article addresses the perceptions of the causal relationship between poverty and
HIV/AIDS among selected Tswana-speaking students by using the theoretical framework
of one of the theories of symbolic interactionism, also known as the Fantasy Theme
Analysis or Symbolic Convergence theory. This theory is designed to provide insights into
the shared world views of communicators, which would result in a better understanding
of a rhetorical situation. This understanding will enable communication agents to
articulate more audience-centred messages in their combat against HIV/AIDS.
This article describes the theoretical framework and research method that have been
used. After the synthesis of the findings, recommendations are made with regard to
communication with this specific target audience, but suggestions are also given to
address any target audience. The research indicates that there are two shared rhetorical visions exist. Almost 74% of
the respondents shared the vision that poverty is the cause of AIDS, although most of
them mentioned that unprotected sex with multiple partners plays a major role. The
other vision, shared by 26% of the respondents, perceives unprotected intercourse with
several partners, and not poverty, to be the cause. The lack of values and morals as well
as uncontrolled sexual drives are perceived as contributing factors.