Empowering Societal Digital Transformation at the Local Level A Case Study of Pemba Town Council
Main Article Content
Keywords
Local Community, Local Government, Digital Transformation, Digital Strategy, Zambia
Abstract
Digital transformation has revolutionised the way businesses operate through the utilisation of technology. Digital tools enable citizens to access government services quickly and at their own convenience, whilst also facilitating more efficient and effective administrative processes. While many national governments have embraced digital tools, the same cannot be said for local governments, particularly in developing nations as they have not yet taken advantage of the benefits of digitalisation. Whereas some experiences of digital transformation have a top-down approach, this paper shares the experience of a collaborative and participatory process of design and development of a Digital Strategy for Pemba Town Council, in rural Zambia. The aim was to enhance service delivery to its citizens by harnessing the potential of digital tools for a five-year period (2022-2026). Pemba Council faced challenges due to a lack of basic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure and ICT-enabled systems. Guided by Andrew’s (1971) model of strategy formulation and implementation, and employing an action research methodology, the study engaged the local community and the council through focused group discussions and key informant interviews to understand their challenges, explore solutions to improve service delivery, and finally to develop a digital strategy for the council, the first of its kind. The study noted that while digitalisation for the council could be hampered by challenges such as the digital divide, digital literacy, infrastructure challenges, lack of human resources, among others, both the council and community stakeholders displayed enthusiasm for the process. The study underscores the crucial role citizens play in shaping local decisions, and therefore the need for their engagement in such processes that affect how they engage with local authorities. The paper also presents a guide on how to engage citizens and government officials to develop a participatory digital strategy that is adapted to local needs, infrastructure and context. The study not only contributes to scholarship on digitalisation and its potential to improve service delivery, but is also useful for local governments operating in similar contexts as Pemba Town Council and seeking digitalisation.
Article Metrics Graph
References
Aimers, J. (1999). Using Participatory Action Research in a Local Government Setting. In Hughes I (Ed), Action Research Electronic Reader. The University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://www.behs.cchs.usyd.edu.au/arow/reader/aimers.htm (Accessed 30 September, 2023).
Andrews, K.R. (1971). The concept of corporate strategy. Available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/mono/10.4324/9781315253336-11/kenneth-andrews-1971-concept-corporate-strategy-concept-corporate-strategy-homewood-il-dow-jones-irwin-pp-18-46-peter-mckiernan.
Anima, A.N.Y. (2014). Testing the Andrews Framework of Strategy Formulation and Implementation: Case Study of the University of Cape Coast Digital Library in Ghana. International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology, 4(2), 49–65. https://doi.org/10.5865/IJKCT.2014.4.2.049.
Bakos, J. Y., & Treacy, M. E. (1986). Information technology and corporate strategy: A research perspective. MIS Quarterly, 107–119.Barasa, H. (2022). Digital Government in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evolving Fast, Lacking Frameworks. Tony Blair Institute for Global Change. https://doi.org/10.2307/249029
Berger, J. B., Hertzum, M., & Schreiber, T. (2016). Does local government staff perceive digital communication with citizens as improved service? Government Information Quarterly, 33 (2), 258–269. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2016.03.003
Bousdekis, A., & Kardaras, D.K. (2020). Digital Transformation of Local Government: A Case Study from Greece. 2020 IEEE 22nd Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 2, 131-140. https://doi:10.1109/CBI49978.2020.10070
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Chang, J. (2011). A Framework for Analysing the Impact of Cloud Computing on Local Government in the UK. International Journal of Cloud Applications and Computing, 1, 25–33. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijcac.2011100102
Chipeta, J., & Ngoyi, L. (2018). A Review of E-government Development in Africa: A Case of Zambia, 1, 13. https://doi.org/10.5171/2018.973845.
Danial, M., & Velasquez, D. (2022). Digital Transformation in Australian Local Government: A Systematic Literature Review. Retrieved from https://acis.aaisnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/ACIS_2022_paper_75.pdf.
Datta, P. (2020). Digital Transformation of the Italian Public Administration: A Case Study. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 252–272. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.04611.
David, A., Yigitcanlar, T., Li, R.Y.M., Corchado, J.M., Cheong, P.H., Mossberger, K., & Mehmood, R. (2023). Understanding Local Government Digital Technology Adoption Strategies: A PRISMA Review. Sustainability, 15 (12), 9645. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129645
Demushina, O., Buletova, N. E., Li, J., & Youssif, M. M. A. (2021). Towards a Sharing Economy: Factors, Trends, Risks, and Prospects. In Impact of Disruptive Technologies on the Sharing Economy (pp. 218–237). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0361-4.ch013
Dukic, D., Dukic, G., & Bertovic, N. (2017). Public administration employees’ readiness and acceptance of e-government: Findings from a Croatian survey. Information Development, 33 (5), 525–539. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0266666916671773
ElMassah, S., & Mohieldin, M. (2020). Digital transformation and localizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Ecological Economics, 169, 106490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106490
Filgueiras, F., Flávio, C., & Palotti, P. (2019). Digital transformation and public service delivery in Brazil. Latin American Policy, 10 (2):195–219. https://doi.org/10.1111/lamp.12169
Fletcher, G., & Griffiths, M. (2020). Digital transformation during a lockdown. International Journal of Information Management, 55, 102185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102185.
Foss, N. J. (1997). Resources, Firms, and Strategies: A Reader in the Resource-based Perspective. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198781806.001.0001
Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.
Gooch, D., Wolff, A., Kortuem, G., & Brown, R. (2015). Reimagining the role of citizens in smart city projects. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers. https://doi.org/10.1145/2800835.2801622.
Grönlund, Å. (2010). Ten Years of E-Government: The ‘End of History’ and New Beginning. In M. A. Wimmer, et al. (Eds.), Electronic Government (Vol. 6228, pp. 13–24). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14799-9_2.
Hartley, K., & Seymour, L. F. (2011). Towards a framework for the adoption of business intelligence in public sector organisations: the case of South Africa. Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists. https://doi.org/10.1145/2072221.2072235.
Holter, I. M., & Schwartz-Barcott, D. (1993). Action research: What is it? How has it been used and how can it be used in nursing? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 18, 298-304. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18020298.x
Holten, A.L., Hancock, G. R., & Bøllingtoft, A. (2019). Studying the importance of change leadership and change management in layoffs, mergers, and closures. Management Decision, 58(3), 393–409. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-03-2017-0278.
Hult, M., & Lennung, S.-A. (1980). TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF ACTION RESEARCH: A NOTE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1980.tb00087.x
Joshua Osah & Caroline Pade-Khene (2020). E-government strategy formulation in resource-constrained local government in South Africa. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 17 (4), 426-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2020.1715907
Kane, G.C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A.N., Kiron, D., & Buckley, N. (2015). Strategy, not Technology, Drives Digital Transformation-Becoming a digitally mature enterprise. MIT Sloan Management Review. Deloitte University Press.
Korachi, Z., & Bounabat, B. (2020). General Approach for Formulating a Digital Transformation Strategy. Journal of Computer Science, 16, 493–507. https://doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2020.493.507.
Kuhlmann, S. & Heuberger, M. (2023) Digital transformation going local: implementation, impacts and constraints from a German perspective. Public Money & Management, 43:2, 147-155. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2021.1939584.
Kurkela, K., Jäntti, A., Paananen, H., & Kork, A. (2023). Towards Interactive Governance: Embedding Citizen Participation in Local Government. Administration & Society, 55 (8), 1529-1554. https://doi.org/10.1177/00953997231177220
Kurkela, K., Kork, A., Jäntti, A., & Paananen, H. (2024). Citizen participation as an organisational challenge in local government. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 37 (1), 124-140 https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPSM-08-2022-0179
Leroux, E., & Pupion, P. (2022). Smart Territories and IoT Adoption by Local Authorities: A Question of Trust, Efficiency, and Relationship with the Citizen-User-Taxpayer. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121195
Lim, J. (2010). Digital Divides in Urban E-Government in South Korea: Exploring Differences in Municipalities’ Use of the Internet for Environmental Governance. Policy & Internet, 2, 29–66. https://doi.org/10.2202/1944-2866.1051
Ma, L., & Zheng, Y. (2019). National e-government performance and citizen satisfaction: A multilevel analysis across European countries. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 85 (3), 506–526. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852317703691
Maulana, A., & Haerah, K. (2021). Smart City Development Innovation Strategy and Challenges for the Government of Jember Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 717, 012008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/717/1/012008
Melitski, J., & Calista, D. (2016). E-Government and E-Governance Best Practices in Cities and Countries Compared Between 2003 and 2012: Fad or Diffused Innovation? Public Administration Quarterly, 40(4), 913–948. https://doi.org/10.1177/073491491604000408
Mertler, C. A., & Charles, C. M. (2011). Introduction to Educational Research (7th ed.). Pearson/Allyn & Bacon.
Moody, R., Plat, V., & Bekkers, V. (2019). Look before you leap: Barriers to big data use in municipalities. Information Polity, 24 (3), 271–288. https://doi.org/10.3233/IP-180090
Mutungi, F., Baguma, R., Janowski, T., & University Krems, Austria, D. (2019). Towards Digital Anti-Corruption Typology for Public Service Delivery. In Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research, 484–494. https://doi.org/10.1145/3325112.3325266.
Nabatchi, T., & Amsler, L.M. (2014), Direct public engagement in local government. The American Review of Public Administration, 44 (4), 63-88. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074013519702
Nadkarni, S., & Prügl, R. (2021). Digital transformation: A review, synthesis and opportunities for future research. Management Review Quarterly, 71 (2), 233–341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-020-00185-7.
Nambisan, S., Lyytinen, K., Majchrzak, A., & Song, M. (2017). Digital Innovation Management: Reinventing Innovation Management Research in a Digital World. MIS Quarterly, 41 (1), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2017/41:1.03
Ncunyana, Z. (2016). Constructing a City with opportunities through innovation. Presentation for SALGA National Municipal Managers Forum, 10 June, Research and Innovation Department: City of Tshwane, Pretoria. https://www.salga.org.za/Documents/NMMF%202016/City%20of%20Tshwane%20Presentation%20on%20Innovation.ppt
Nzimakwe, T. I. (2021). Leading Digital Transformation and Innovation in Local Government Institutions in South Africa. Administratio Publica, 29 (2).
OECD. (2020). OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2020. OECD Publishing: Paris. Available at https://doi.org/10.1787/bb167041-en (Accessed 17 November, 2022). https://doi.org/10.1787/bb167041-en
Orton, M., Agarwal, S., Muhoza, P., Vasudevan, L., & Vu, A. (2018). Strengthening Delivery of Health Services Using Digital Devices. Global Health: Science and Practice, 6(Supplement 1), S61–S71. https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00229.
Osah, J., & Pade-Khene, C. (2020). E-government strategy formulation in resource-constrained local government in South Africa. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 17(4), 426-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2020.1715907
Pade-Khene, C., Sieborger, I., Ngwerume, P., & Rusike, C. (2020). Enabling Digital Social Accountability Monitoring of Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health Services: MobiSAfAIDS” (2020). In Proceedings of the 28th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS), An Online AIS Conference, June 15-17.
https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2020_rp/36
Pittaway, J. J., & Montazemi, A. R. (2020). Know-how to lead digital transformation: The case of local governments. Government Information Quarterly, 37(4), 101474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2020.101474.
Renz, E. (2022). Trust, Tech, and Tension: Digital Citizen Engagement & Urban. Phylon (1960-), 59 (1), 91–106. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27150916.
Schmidthuber, L., Piller, F., Marcel, B., & Hilgers, D. (2019). Citizen participation in public administration: investigating open government for social innovation. R&D Management 49 (3), 343-355 https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12365
Shava, E., & Doorgapersad, S.V. (2021). Talent management: A ’recipe’ for public service delivery in the fourth industrial revolution. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 10(8), 138–148. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i8.1504
Shava, E., & Vyas-Doorgapersad, S. (2022). Fostering digital innovations to accelerate service delivery in South African Local Government. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478). https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v11i2.1610.
Siebers, V., & Torfing, J. (2018). Co-creation as a new form of citizen engagement: Comparing Danish and Dutch experiences at the local government level. International Public Management Review, 18 (2):187–208. https://ipmr.net/index.php/ipmr/article/view/335.
Steinbach, M., Sieweke, J., & Süß, S. (2019). The diffusion of e-participation in public administrations: A systematic literature review. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 29(2), 61–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/10919392.2019.1552749.
Stringer, T. E., & Aragon, O. A. (2020). Action Research (5th ed.). Sage Publications Inc: Newbury Park.
Thomas, D. R. (2003). A general inductive approach for qualitative data analysis. American Journal of Evaluation, 27(2), 237-246. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214005283748
Tilson, D., Lyytinen, K., & Sørensen, C. (2010). Research Commentary —Digital Infrastructures: The Missing IS Research Agenda. Information Systems Research, 21(4), 748–759. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1100.0318
Warner, K. S. R., & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long Range Planning, 52 (3), 326–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2018.12.001
Wang, S., & Feeney, M. (2014). Determinants of Information and Communication Technology Adoption in Municipalities. American Review of Public Administration, 46, 292–313. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074014553462
Wernerfelt, B. (1989). From Critical Resources to Corporate Strategy. Journal of General Management, 14 (3), 4–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/030630708901400301
Yin, R. (2015). Qualitative Research from Start to Finish (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press: New York.
Andrews, K.R. (1971). The concept of corporate strategy. Available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/mono/10.4324/9781315253336-11/kenneth-andrews-1971-concept-corporate-strategy-concept-corporate-strategy-homewood-il-dow-jones-irwin-pp-18-46-peter-mckiernan.
Anima, A.N.Y. (2014). Testing the Andrews Framework of Strategy Formulation and Implementation: Case Study of the University of Cape Coast Digital Library in Ghana. International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology, 4(2), 49–65. https://doi.org/10.5865/IJKCT.2014.4.2.049.
Bakos, J. Y., & Treacy, M. E. (1986). Information technology and corporate strategy: A research perspective. MIS Quarterly, 107–119.Barasa, H. (2022). Digital Government in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evolving Fast, Lacking Frameworks. Tony Blair Institute for Global Change. https://doi.org/10.2307/249029
Berger, J. B., Hertzum, M., & Schreiber, T. (2016). Does local government staff perceive digital communication with citizens as improved service? Government Information Quarterly, 33 (2), 258–269. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2016.03.003
Bousdekis, A., & Kardaras, D.K. (2020). Digital Transformation of Local Government: A Case Study from Greece. 2020 IEEE 22nd Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 2, 131-140. https://doi:10.1109/CBI49978.2020.10070
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Chang, J. (2011). A Framework for Analysing the Impact of Cloud Computing on Local Government in the UK. International Journal of Cloud Applications and Computing, 1, 25–33. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijcac.2011100102
Chipeta, J., & Ngoyi, L. (2018). A Review of E-government Development in Africa: A Case of Zambia, 1, 13. https://doi.org/10.5171/2018.973845.
Danial, M., & Velasquez, D. (2022). Digital Transformation in Australian Local Government: A Systematic Literature Review. Retrieved from https://acis.aaisnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/ACIS_2022_paper_75.pdf.
Datta, P. (2020). Digital Transformation of the Italian Public Administration: A Case Study. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 252–272. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.04611.
David, A., Yigitcanlar, T., Li, R.Y.M., Corchado, J.M., Cheong, P.H., Mossberger, K., & Mehmood, R. (2023). Understanding Local Government Digital Technology Adoption Strategies: A PRISMA Review. Sustainability, 15 (12), 9645. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129645
Demushina, O., Buletova, N. E., Li, J., & Youssif, M. M. A. (2021). Towards a Sharing Economy: Factors, Trends, Risks, and Prospects. In Impact of Disruptive Technologies on the Sharing Economy (pp. 218–237). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0361-4.ch013
Dukic, D., Dukic, G., & Bertovic, N. (2017). Public administration employees’ readiness and acceptance of e-government: Findings from a Croatian survey. Information Development, 33 (5), 525–539. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0266666916671773
ElMassah, S., & Mohieldin, M. (2020). Digital transformation and localizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Ecological Economics, 169, 106490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106490
Filgueiras, F., Flávio, C., & Palotti, P. (2019). Digital transformation and public service delivery in Brazil. Latin American Policy, 10 (2):195–219. https://doi.org/10.1111/lamp.12169
Fletcher, G., & Griffiths, M. (2020). Digital transformation during a lockdown. International Journal of Information Management, 55, 102185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102185.
Foss, N. J. (1997). Resources, Firms, and Strategies: A Reader in the Resource-based Perspective. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198781806.001.0001
Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.
Gooch, D., Wolff, A., Kortuem, G., & Brown, R. (2015). Reimagining the role of citizens in smart city projects. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers. https://doi.org/10.1145/2800835.2801622.
Grönlund, Å. (2010). Ten Years of E-Government: The ‘End of History’ and New Beginning. In M. A. Wimmer, et al. (Eds.), Electronic Government (Vol. 6228, pp. 13–24). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14799-9_2.
Hartley, K., & Seymour, L. F. (2011). Towards a framework for the adoption of business intelligence in public sector organisations: the case of South Africa. Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists. https://doi.org/10.1145/2072221.2072235.
Holter, I. M., & Schwartz-Barcott, D. (1993). Action research: What is it? How has it been used and how can it be used in nursing? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 18, 298-304. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18020298.x
Holten, A.L., Hancock, G. R., & Bøllingtoft, A. (2019). Studying the importance of change leadership and change management in layoffs, mergers, and closures. Management Decision, 58(3), 393–409. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-03-2017-0278.
Hult, M., & Lennung, S.-A. (1980). TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF ACTION RESEARCH: A NOTE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1980.tb00087.x
Joshua Osah & Caroline Pade-Khene (2020). E-government strategy formulation in resource-constrained local government in South Africa. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 17 (4), 426-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2020.1715907
Kane, G.C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A.N., Kiron, D., & Buckley, N. (2015). Strategy, not Technology, Drives Digital Transformation-Becoming a digitally mature enterprise. MIT Sloan Management Review. Deloitte University Press.
Korachi, Z., & Bounabat, B. (2020). General Approach for Formulating a Digital Transformation Strategy. Journal of Computer Science, 16, 493–507. https://doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2020.493.507.
Kuhlmann, S. & Heuberger, M. (2023) Digital transformation going local: implementation, impacts and constraints from a German perspective. Public Money & Management, 43:2, 147-155. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2021.1939584.
Kurkela, K., Jäntti, A., Paananen, H., & Kork, A. (2023). Towards Interactive Governance: Embedding Citizen Participation in Local Government. Administration & Society, 55 (8), 1529-1554. https://doi.org/10.1177/00953997231177220
Kurkela, K., Kork, A., Jäntti, A., & Paananen, H. (2024). Citizen participation as an organisational challenge in local government. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 37 (1), 124-140 https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPSM-08-2022-0179
Leroux, E., & Pupion, P. (2022). Smart Territories and IoT Adoption by Local Authorities: A Question of Trust, Efficiency, and Relationship with the Citizen-User-Taxpayer. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121195
Lim, J. (2010). Digital Divides in Urban E-Government in South Korea: Exploring Differences in Municipalities’ Use of the Internet for Environmental Governance. Policy & Internet, 2, 29–66. https://doi.org/10.2202/1944-2866.1051
Ma, L., & Zheng, Y. (2019). National e-government performance and citizen satisfaction: A multilevel analysis across European countries. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 85 (3), 506–526. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852317703691
Maulana, A., & Haerah, K. (2021). Smart City Development Innovation Strategy and Challenges for the Government of Jember Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 717, 012008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/717/1/012008
Melitski, J., & Calista, D. (2016). E-Government and E-Governance Best Practices in Cities and Countries Compared Between 2003 and 2012: Fad or Diffused Innovation? Public Administration Quarterly, 40(4), 913–948. https://doi.org/10.1177/073491491604000408
Mertler, C. A., & Charles, C. M. (2011). Introduction to Educational Research (7th ed.). Pearson/Allyn & Bacon.
Moody, R., Plat, V., & Bekkers, V. (2019). Look before you leap: Barriers to big data use in municipalities. Information Polity, 24 (3), 271–288. https://doi.org/10.3233/IP-180090
Mutungi, F., Baguma, R., Janowski, T., & University Krems, Austria, D. (2019). Towards Digital Anti-Corruption Typology for Public Service Delivery. In Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research, 484–494. https://doi.org/10.1145/3325112.3325266.
Nabatchi, T., & Amsler, L.M. (2014), Direct public engagement in local government. The American Review of Public Administration, 44 (4), 63-88. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074013519702
Nadkarni, S., & Prügl, R. (2021). Digital transformation: A review, synthesis and opportunities for future research. Management Review Quarterly, 71 (2), 233–341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-020-00185-7.
Nambisan, S., Lyytinen, K., Majchrzak, A., & Song, M. (2017). Digital Innovation Management: Reinventing Innovation Management Research in a Digital World. MIS Quarterly, 41 (1), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2017/41:1.03
Ncunyana, Z. (2016). Constructing a City with opportunities through innovation. Presentation for SALGA National Municipal Managers Forum, 10 June, Research and Innovation Department: City of Tshwane, Pretoria. https://www.salga.org.za/Documents/NMMF%202016/City%20of%20Tshwane%20Presentation%20on%20Innovation.ppt
Nzimakwe, T. I. (2021). Leading Digital Transformation and Innovation in Local Government Institutions in South Africa. Administratio Publica, 29 (2).
OECD. (2020). OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2020. OECD Publishing: Paris. Available at https://doi.org/10.1787/bb167041-en (Accessed 17 November, 2022). https://doi.org/10.1787/bb167041-en
Orton, M., Agarwal, S., Muhoza, P., Vasudevan, L., & Vu, A. (2018). Strengthening Delivery of Health Services Using Digital Devices. Global Health: Science and Practice, 6(Supplement 1), S61–S71. https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00229.
Osah, J., & Pade-Khene, C. (2020). E-government strategy formulation in resource-constrained local government in South Africa. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 17(4), 426-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2020.1715907
Pade-Khene, C., Sieborger, I., Ngwerume, P., & Rusike, C. (2020). Enabling Digital Social Accountability Monitoring of Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health Services: MobiSAfAIDS” (2020). In Proceedings of the 28th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS), An Online AIS Conference, June 15-17.
https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2020_rp/36
Pittaway, J. J., & Montazemi, A. R. (2020). Know-how to lead digital transformation: The case of local governments. Government Information Quarterly, 37(4), 101474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2020.101474.
Renz, E. (2022). Trust, Tech, and Tension: Digital Citizen Engagement & Urban. Phylon (1960-), 59 (1), 91–106. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27150916.
Schmidthuber, L., Piller, F., Marcel, B., & Hilgers, D. (2019). Citizen participation in public administration: investigating open government for social innovation. R&D Management 49 (3), 343-355 https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12365
Shava, E., & Doorgapersad, S.V. (2021). Talent management: A ’recipe’ for public service delivery in the fourth industrial revolution. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 10(8), 138–148. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i8.1504
Shava, E., & Vyas-Doorgapersad, S. (2022). Fostering digital innovations to accelerate service delivery in South African Local Government. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478). https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v11i2.1610.
Siebers, V., & Torfing, J. (2018). Co-creation as a new form of citizen engagement: Comparing Danish and Dutch experiences at the local government level. International Public Management Review, 18 (2):187–208. https://ipmr.net/index.php/ipmr/article/view/335.
Steinbach, M., Sieweke, J., & Süß, S. (2019). The diffusion of e-participation in public administrations: A systematic literature review. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 29(2), 61–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/10919392.2019.1552749.
Stringer, T. E., & Aragon, O. A. (2020). Action Research (5th ed.). Sage Publications Inc: Newbury Park.
Thomas, D. R. (2003). A general inductive approach for qualitative data analysis. American Journal of Evaluation, 27(2), 237-246. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214005283748
Tilson, D., Lyytinen, K., & Sørensen, C. (2010). Research Commentary —Digital Infrastructures: The Missing IS Research Agenda. Information Systems Research, 21(4), 748–759. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1100.0318
Warner, K. S. R., & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long Range Planning, 52 (3), 326–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2018.12.001
Wang, S., & Feeney, M. (2014). Determinants of Information and Communication Technology Adoption in Municipalities. American Review of Public Administration, 46, 292–313. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074014553462
Wernerfelt, B. (1989). From Critical Resources to Corporate Strategy. Journal of General Management, 14 (3), 4–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/030630708901400301
Yin, R. (2015). Qualitative Research from Start to Finish (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press: New York.
Article Sidebar
Published
Aug 5, 2024
Article Details
How to Cite
Empowering Societal Digital Transformation at the Local Level: A Case Study of Pemba Town Council. (2024). Digital Policy Studies, 3(1), 22-43. https://doi.org/10.36615/1y792620
Issue
Section
Research Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Licensing information
Creative Commons CC Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public License
© Author(s)
How to Cite
Empowering Societal Digital Transformation at the Local Level: A Case Study of Pemba Town Council. (2024). Digital Policy Studies, 3(1), 22-43. https://doi.org/10.36615/1y792620