Activist Scholar-Practitioners in the United States and South Africa
Main Article Content
Keywords
Jane Addams, W.E.B. Du Bois, Charles Gomillion, James Laue, Harold Wolpe, H.W. van der Merwe, clinical sociology
Abstract
This article discusses the lives and impact of leading activists whose work is highlighted in the histories of clinical sociology in the United States and South Africa. The four scholar-practitioners from the United States discussed here are Jane Addams, W.E.B. Du Bois, Charles Gomillion and James Laue. The South African clinical sociologists whose lives are profiled are Harold Wolpe and H.W. van der Merwe. Based on the career experiences of these six individuals, concluding comments are made about five topics in relation to activism: employment, sufficient time for effective activism, handling criticism, reasons for becoming strong activists, and factors that may discourage activism.
References
Addams, J. (1902). Democracy and social ethics. New York: Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.2307/3401957
Addams, J. (1907). The newer ideals of peace. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (1909). The spirit of youth and the city streets. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (1912). A new conscience and an ancient evil. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (1922). Peace and bread in time of war. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (1930). Forty years at Hull-House: Being “Twenty years at Hull-House” and “The second twenty years at Hull-House”. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (2008). Twenty years at Hull-House: With autobiographical notes. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications. (Original work published 1910)
Bernstein, H. (1996) Obituary: Harold Wolpe (1926-1996). Journal of Peasant Studies. 20(2),174-177. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066159608438624 Accessed 28 October 2021.
Bishop, C. (2018). Farewell to AnnMarie Wolpe: The heroine of the struggle who partied with Mandela. 18 February. https://www.cnbcafrica.com/insights/nelson-mandela-news/2018/02/18/annmarie-wolpe-dies
Botes, J. (2013). Foreword by the guest editor. African Journal on Conflict Resolution. 13(3), 20.
Bundy, C. 1996. Harold Wolpe Obituary. https://www.bradford.ac.uk.researchold/ijas/jwolpe.htm This obituary originally appeared in the Mail and Guardian.
Campbell, B. (2021). Social justice and sociological theory. Society. 58,355–364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-021-00625-4
Clemens, E. S. (1997). The people’s lobby: Organizational innovation and the rise of interest group politics in the United States, 1890–1925. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Community Relations Service, U.S. Department of Justice. (1994). The annual report of the Community Relations Service. 30th anniversary issue, 1964–1994. Washington, DC: Community Relations Service.
Curle, A. (1989). Foreword. In H.W. van der Merwe Pursuing justice and peace in South Africa. xiii–xv. London and New York: Routledge.
Deegan, M. J. (1981). Early women sociologists and the American sociological society. The American Sociologist, 16(1), 14–24.
Du Bois, W.E.B. (1935). Black reconstruction. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company.
Du Bois, W.E.B. (1944). My evolving program for Negro freedom. In R. W. Logan (Ed.), What the Negro wants. 31–70. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. Available from the Clinical Sociology Review. (1990). 8(1) https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19m62cs.8
Friedman, S. (Ed). (2014). Race, class and power: Harold Wolpe and the radical critique of apartheid. Pietermaritzburg: UKZN Press.
Fritz, J.M. (2022). Jane Addams and Hull-House. In Fritz, J.M. & Rheaume, J. (Eds.). Community Intervention: Clinical Sociology Perspectives. Second edition. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93695-2_2
Fritz, J.M. (2021a). Introduction. In J.M. Fritz (Ed.) International clinical sociology (2nd ed.). 3-16. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54584-0_1
Fritz, J.M. (2021b). The history of clinical sociology in the United States. In J.M. Fritz (Ed.) International clinical sociology (2nd ed.). 35-55. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54584-0_3
Fritz, J.M. (2020a). Harold Wolpe, the Freedom Charter and educational transformation. In T. Uys and J.M. Fritz (Eds.). Clinical sociology for Southern Africa. 271-298. Claremont, Republic of South Africa: Juta and Company Limited.
Fritz, J.M. (2020b). Clinical sociology: A global perspective. In T. Uys and J.M. Fritz (Eds.). Clinical sociology for Southern Africa. 3-19. Claremont, Republic of South Africa: Juta and Company Limited.
Fritz, J. M. (2005). The scholar-practitioners: The development of clinical sociology in the United States. In A. J. Blasi (Ed.), Diverse histories of American sociology. 40–56. Leiden, NL: Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047407416_009
Fritz, J. M. (1991). The emergence of American clinical sociology. In H. Rebach & J. Bruhn (Eds.), Handbook of clinical sociology. 17–32. New York: Plenum. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3782-3_2
Fritz, J.M. (1990). In pursuit of justice: W.E.B. Du Bois,” Clinical Sociology Review, VIII: 15-26. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1170&context=csr
Fritz, J.M. (1988). The history of clinical sociology: Charles Gomillion, educator-community activist. Clinical Sociology Review. VI:13-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73827-7_3
Fritz, J.M. (Ed.) (2021). International clinical sociology (2nd ed.). 35-55. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54584-0
George Mason University Libraries’ Special Collections. (n.d.). James Laue Papers (1936–1999). James H. Laue C0055. Retrieved from scrc.gmu.edu/finding_aids/laue.html
Gounden, V. (2013). A just peace agreement, or just a peace agreement: reflections on the work of HW van der Merwe. African Journal on Conflict Resolution. 13(3), 159–162.
Guzman, J. P. (1984). Crusade for civic democracy: The story of the Tuskegee Civic Association, 1941–1970. New York: Vantage.
Hampson, R. (2018). For those at the Lorraine Motel when MLK was killed, what does it mean to witness martyrdom? USA Today. Retrieved August 15, 2020, from https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/ nation/2018/03/28/lorraine-motel-mlk-assassination-witnesses/1071959001
Hindson, D. (1989). Putting the record straight: The Association for Sociology in South Africa. South African Sociological Review. 2(1): 69–74.
Horne, G. (1986). Black and red: W. E. B. Du Bois, writings. Boston, MA: Twayne.
Jones, M. (2022). Nine decades later, W.E.B. Du Bois’s work faces familiar criticisms. The Washington Post. January 7. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/nine-decades-later- web-du-boiss-work-faces-familiar-criticisms/2022/01/07/9f926968-6445-11ec-8ce3-9454d0b46d42_story.html Accessed 29 May 2022.
Kraybill, R. (2002). Reflections on twenty years in peacebuilding. In C. Sampson & J. P. Lederach (Eds.), From the ground up: Mennonite contributions to international peacebuilding. 30–44. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kriesberg, L. (2013). Hendrik van der Merwe (1929–2001). African Journal on Conflict Resolution. 13(3): 141-143. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajcr/article/viewFile/101875/91915.
Kunde, J. E. (1997). Metropolitan investment strategies of sustainable communities. Joint Center for Sustainable Communities press release. October.
Laue, J. H. (1993). 25 years ago: A personal report from Memphis. This report, dated April 4, 1968, was delivered in April 1993 at a Methodist church in Burke, Virginia. Copy obtained from Mariann Laue Baker, Jim Laue’s widow, and arranged for it to be made available under the heading “Memphis Mission” at theplaceforstories.com
Lee, A. M. (1944). Sociology, clinical. In H. P. Fairchild (Ed.), Dictionary of sociology. 303. New York: Philosophical Library.
Levine, B. (2005). Resolving racial conflict: The community relations service and civil rights, 1964–1989. Columbia: University of Missouri Press.
Lewis, H. (2012). Introduction. In H. Lewis (Ed.), The essence of Jane Addams’ twenty years at Hull House (p. 117). Mount Jackson, VA: Axios Press.
Mandela, N.R. (1994). Long walk to freedom. Randburg: MacDonald Purnell
Muller, A. (2014). A tribute to H.W. van der Merwe. African Journal of Conflict Resolution. 3. https://www.accord.org.za/ajcr-issues/a-tribute-to-h-w-van-der-merwe/ Accessed 29 May 2022.
Nandi, R. (n.d.). James H. Laue. National Civil Rights Museum in the former Lorraine Motel. Memphis, Tennessee. www.civilrightsmuseum.org/from-the-vault/posts/james-j-laue Accessed 29 May 2022.
Nichols, L. (2019). Louisa Pinkham Holt, public sociology and racial desegregation. Society. 56: 378-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-019-00385-2 Accessed 11 May 2021.
Odendaal, A. (2013). The mediator’s moral dilemma: An essay in memory of HW van der Merwe. African Journal on Conflict Resolution. 13(3), 151–157.
Odendaal, A. 2018a. Personal correspondence to J.M. Fritz. April 15.
Odendaal, A. 2018b. Interviewed by J.M. Fritz in Cape Town, South Africa. May 25.
Odendaal, A. 2018c. Personal correspondence to J.M. Fritz. September 11.
O’Meara, D. (1997). The engaged intellectual and the struggle for a democratic South Africa: The life and work of Harold Wolpe. Address to the Inaugural Conference of the Harold Wolpe Memorial Trust. University of the Western Cape. 1–2 April. https://archive.is/20121224171321/http://web.uct.ac.za/misc/wolpe/tribute.htm
Opdycke, S. (2012). Jane Addams and her vision for America. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Potapchuk, W. (2020). Bill Potapchuk, James Laue’s colleague and former student, was Interviewed by J.M. Fritz. April 20.
Residents of Hull-House. (2007). Hull-House maps and papers: A presentation of nationalities and wages in a congested district of Chicago, together with comments and essays on problems growing out of the social conditions. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. (Original work published 1895).
Roos-Muller, B & Muller, A. (2014). SA’s pathfinding peacemaker. Cape Times. May 30. https://www.iol.co.za/capetimes/opinion/sas-pathfinding-peacemaker-1696313. Accessed 4 June 2021.
Sanders, E. (1999). Roots of reform: Farmers, workers, and the American state, 1877–1917. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Sklar, M. (1988). The corporate reconstruction of American capitalism, 1890–1916: The market, the law and politics. New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511528781
Taper, B. (2003). Gomillion versus Lightfoot: The right to vote in apartheid Alabama. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press.
Thompson, L. (2001) A History of South Africa. Third edition. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Uys, T. (2021). The emergence of clinical sociology in South Africa. In Fritz, J.M. (Ed.) International clinical sociology (Second edition). 35-55. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54584-0_7
Uys, T., & Fritz, J. M. (Eds.) (2020). Clinical sociology for Southern Africa. Claremont, Republic of South Africa: Juta and Company Limited.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1983). Mediation and empowerment in South Africa. In A.P. Hare (Ed.) The struggle for democracy in South Africa: Conflict and conflict resolution. 18–29. Cape Town: Centre for Intergroup Studies.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1986). Like it or not, we may need third-party help. Sunday Times. n.p. June 1.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1988). South African initiatives: Contrasting options in the mediation process.” In C. Mitchell & K. Webb (Eds.) New approaches to international mediation. Westport: Greenwood Press.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1989). Pursuing justice and peace in South Africa. London and New York: Routledge.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1997). Facilitation between the apartheid establishment and the African National Congress in exile. Emory International Law Review 11(1): 13–28.
van der Merwe, H.W. (2000). Peacemaking in South Africa: A life in conflict resolution. Cape Town: Tafelberg.
van der Merwe, H.W. & Odendaal, A. (1991). Constructive conflict intervention in South Africa: Some lessons. Clinical Sociology Review 9: 71–86. Revised version of a paper presented at the International Sociological Association World Congress in Madrid, Spain on 12 July 1990.
Wolpe, A. (1994). The long way home. London: Virago Press.
Wolpe, A. (2017). Telephone interview with AnnMarie Wolpe, Harold Wolpe’s widow. July 27.
Wolpe, H. (1972). Capitalism and cheap labour power in South Africa: From segregation to apartheid’. Economy and Society l(4): 425–456. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085147200000023
Wolpe, N. (2017). Nic Wolpe. Harold Wolpe’s son, was interviewed by J.M. Fritz, July 23.
Addams, J. (1907). The newer ideals of peace. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (1909). The spirit of youth and the city streets. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (1912). A new conscience and an ancient evil. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (1922). Peace and bread in time of war. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (1930). Forty years at Hull-House: Being “Twenty years at Hull-House” and “The second twenty years at Hull-House”. New York: Macmillan.
Addams, J. (2008). Twenty years at Hull-House: With autobiographical notes. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications. (Original work published 1910)
Bernstein, H. (1996) Obituary: Harold Wolpe (1926-1996). Journal of Peasant Studies. 20(2),174-177. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066159608438624 Accessed 28 October 2021.
Bishop, C. (2018). Farewell to AnnMarie Wolpe: The heroine of the struggle who partied with Mandela. 18 February. https://www.cnbcafrica.com/insights/nelson-mandela-news/2018/02/18/annmarie-wolpe-dies
Botes, J. (2013). Foreword by the guest editor. African Journal on Conflict Resolution. 13(3), 20.
Bundy, C. 1996. Harold Wolpe Obituary. https://www.bradford.ac.uk.researchold/ijas/jwolpe.htm This obituary originally appeared in the Mail and Guardian.
Campbell, B. (2021). Social justice and sociological theory. Society. 58,355–364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-021-00625-4
Clemens, E. S. (1997). The people’s lobby: Organizational innovation and the rise of interest group politics in the United States, 1890–1925. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Community Relations Service, U.S. Department of Justice. (1994). The annual report of the Community Relations Service. 30th anniversary issue, 1964–1994. Washington, DC: Community Relations Service.
Curle, A. (1989). Foreword. In H.W. van der Merwe Pursuing justice and peace in South Africa. xiii–xv. London and New York: Routledge.
Deegan, M. J. (1981). Early women sociologists and the American sociological society. The American Sociologist, 16(1), 14–24.
Du Bois, W.E.B. (1935). Black reconstruction. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company.
Du Bois, W.E.B. (1944). My evolving program for Negro freedom. In R. W. Logan (Ed.), What the Negro wants. 31–70. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. Available from the Clinical Sociology Review. (1990). 8(1) https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19m62cs.8
Friedman, S. (Ed). (2014). Race, class and power: Harold Wolpe and the radical critique of apartheid. Pietermaritzburg: UKZN Press.
Fritz, J.M. (2022). Jane Addams and Hull-House. In Fritz, J.M. & Rheaume, J. (Eds.). Community Intervention: Clinical Sociology Perspectives. Second edition. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93695-2_2
Fritz, J.M. (2021a). Introduction. In J.M. Fritz (Ed.) International clinical sociology (2nd ed.). 3-16. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54584-0_1
Fritz, J.M. (2021b). The history of clinical sociology in the United States. In J.M. Fritz (Ed.) International clinical sociology (2nd ed.). 35-55. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54584-0_3
Fritz, J.M. (2020a). Harold Wolpe, the Freedom Charter and educational transformation. In T. Uys and J.M. Fritz (Eds.). Clinical sociology for Southern Africa. 271-298. Claremont, Republic of South Africa: Juta and Company Limited.
Fritz, J.M. (2020b). Clinical sociology: A global perspective. In T. Uys and J.M. Fritz (Eds.). Clinical sociology for Southern Africa. 3-19. Claremont, Republic of South Africa: Juta and Company Limited.
Fritz, J. M. (2005). The scholar-practitioners: The development of clinical sociology in the United States. In A. J. Blasi (Ed.), Diverse histories of American sociology. 40–56. Leiden, NL: Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047407416_009
Fritz, J. M. (1991). The emergence of American clinical sociology. In H. Rebach & J. Bruhn (Eds.), Handbook of clinical sociology. 17–32. New York: Plenum. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3782-3_2
Fritz, J.M. (1990). In pursuit of justice: W.E.B. Du Bois,” Clinical Sociology Review, VIII: 15-26. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1170&context=csr
Fritz, J.M. (1988). The history of clinical sociology: Charles Gomillion, educator-community activist. Clinical Sociology Review. VI:13-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73827-7_3
Fritz, J.M. (Ed.) (2021). International clinical sociology (2nd ed.). 35-55. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54584-0
George Mason University Libraries’ Special Collections. (n.d.). James Laue Papers (1936–1999). James H. Laue C0055. Retrieved from scrc.gmu.edu/finding_aids/laue.html
Gounden, V. (2013). A just peace agreement, or just a peace agreement: reflections on the work of HW van der Merwe. African Journal on Conflict Resolution. 13(3), 159–162.
Guzman, J. P. (1984). Crusade for civic democracy: The story of the Tuskegee Civic Association, 1941–1970. New York: Vantage.
Hampson, R. (2018). For those at the Lorraine Motel when MLK was killed, what does it mean to witness martyrdom? USA Today. Retrieved August 15, 2020, from https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/ nation/2018/03/28/lorraine-motel-mlk-assassination-witnesses/1071959001
Hindson, D. (1989). Putting the record straight: The Association for Sociology in South Africa. South African Sociological Review. 2(1): 69–74.
Horne, G. (1986). Black and red: W. E. B. Du Bois, writings. Boston, MA: Twayne.
Jones, M. (2022). Nine decades later, W.E.B. Du Bois’s work faces familiar criticisms. The Washington Post. January 7. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/nine-decades-later- web-du-boiss-work-faces-familiar-criticisms/2022/01/07/9f926968-6445-11ec-8ce3-9454d0b46d42_story.html Accessed 29 May 2022.
Kraybill, R. (2002). Reflections on twenty years in peacebuilding. In C. Sampson & J. P. Lederach (Eds.), From the ground up: Mennonite contributions to international peacebuilding. 30–44. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kriesberg, L. (2013). Hendrik van der Merwe (1929–2001). African Journal on Conflict Resolution. 13(3): 141-143. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajcr/article/viewFile/101875/91915.
Kunde, J. E. (1997). Metropolitan investment strategies of sustainable communities. Joint Center for Sustainable Communities press release. October.
Laue, J. H. (1993). 25 years ago: A personal report from Memphis. This report, dated April 4, 1968, was delivered in April 1993 at a Methodist church in Burke, Virginia. Copy obtained from Mariann Laue Baker, Jim Laue’s widow, and arranged for it to be made available under the heading “Memphis Mission” at theplaceforstories.com
Lee, A. M. (1944). Sociology, clinical. In H. P. Fairchild (Ed.), Dictionary of sociology. 303. New York: Philosophical Library.
Levine, B. (2005). Resolving racial conflict: The community relations service and civil rights, 1964–1989. Columbia: University of Missouri Press.
Lewis, H. (2012). Introduction. In H. Lewis (Ed.), The essence of Jane Addams’ twenty years at Hull House (p. 117). Mount Jackson, VA: Axios Press.
Mandela, N.R. (1994). Long walk to freedom. Randburg: MacDonald Purnell
Muller, A. (2014). A tribute to H.W. van der Merwe. African Journal of Conflict Resolution. 3. https://www.accord.org.za/ajcr-issues/a-tribute-to-h-w-van-der-merwe/ Accessed 29 May 2022.
Nandi, R. (n.d.). James H. Laue. National Civil Rights Museum in the former Lorraine Motel. Memphis, Tennessee. www.civilrightsmuseum.org/from-the-vault/posts/james-j-laue Accessed 29 May 2022.
Nichols, L. (2019). Louisa Pinkham Holt, public sociology and racial desegregation. Society. 56: 378-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-019-00385-2 Accessed 11 May 2021.
Odendaal, A. (2013). The mediator’s moral dilemma: An essay in memory of HW van der Merwe. African Journal on Conflict Resolution. 13(3), 151–157.
Odendaal, A. 2018a. Personal correspondence to J.M. Fritz. April 15.
Odendaal, A. 2018b. Interviewed by J.M. Fritz in Cape Town, South Africa. May 25.
Odendaal, A. 2018c. Personal correspondence to J.M. Fritz. September 11.
O’Meara, D. (1997). The engaged intellectual and the struggle for a democratic South Africa: The life and work of Harold Wolpe. Address to the Inaugural Conference of the Harold Wolpe Memorial Trust. University of the Western Cape. 1–2 April. https://archive.is/20121224171321/http://web.uct.ac.za/misc/wolpe/tribute.htm
Opdycke, S. (2012). Jane Addams and her vision for America. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Potapchuk, W. (2020). Bill Potapchuk, James Laue’s colleague and former student, was Interviewed by J.M. Fritz. April 20.
Residents of Hull-House. (2007). Hull-House maps and papers: A presentation of nationalities and wages in a congested district of Chicago, together with comments and essays on problems growing out of the social conditions. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. (Original work published 1895).
Roos-Muller, B & Muller, A. (2014). SA’s pathfinding peacemaker. Cape Times. May 30. https://www.iol.co.za/capetimes/opinion/sas-pathfinding-peacemaker-1696313. Accessed 4 June 2021.
Sanders, E. (1999). Roots of reform: Farmers, workers, and the American state, 1877–1917. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Sklar, M. (1988). The corporate reconstruction of American capitalism, 1890–1916: The market, the law and politics. New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511528781
Taper, B. (2003). Gomillion versus Lightfoot: The right to vote in apartheid Alabama. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press.
Thompson, L. (2001) A History of South Africa. Third edition. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Uys, T. (2021). The emergence of clinical sociology in South Africa. In Fritz, J.M. (Ed.) International clinical sociology (Second edition). 35-55. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54584-0_7
Uys, T., & Fritz, J. M. (Eds.) (2020). Clinical sociology for Southern Africa. Claremont, Republic of South Africa: Juta and Company Limited.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1983). Mediation and empowerment in South Africa. In A.P. Hare (Ed.) The struggle for democracy in South Africa: Conflict and conflict resolution. 18–29. Cape Town: Centre for Intergroup Studies.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1986). Like it or not, we may need third-party help. Sunday Times. n.p. June 1.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1988). South African initiatives: Contrasting options in the mediation process.” In C. Mitchell & K. Webb (Eds.) New approaches to international mediation. Westport: Greenwood Press.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1989). Pursuing justice and peace in South Africa. London and New York: Routledge.
van der Merwe, H.W. (1997). Facilitation between the apartheid establishment and the African National Congress in exile. Emory International Law Review 11(1): 13–28.
van der Merwe, H.W. (2000). Peacemaking in South Africa: A life in conflict resolution. Cape Town: Tafelberg.
van der Merwe, H.W. & Odendaal, A. (1991). Constructive conflict intervention in South Africa: Some lessons. Clinical Sociology Review 9: 71–86. Revised version of a paper presented at the International Sociological Association World Congress in Madrid, Spain on 12 July 1990.
Wolpe, A. (1994). The long way home. London: Virago Press.
Wolpe, A. (2017). Telephone interview with AnnMarie Wolpe, Harold Wolpe’s widow. July 27.
Wolpe, H. (1972). Capitalism and cheap labour power in South Africa: From segregation to apartheid’. Economy and Society l(4): 425–456. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085147200000023
Wolpe, N. (2017). Nic Wolpe. Harold Wolpe’s son, was interviewed by J.M. Fritz, July 23.
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Activist Scholar-Practitioners in the United States and South Africa. (2022). Clinical Sociology Review, 17(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.36615/csr.v17i1.1283
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How to Cite
Activist Scholar-Practitioners in the United States and South Africa. (2022). Clinical Sociology Review, 17(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.36615/csr.v17i1.1283