Consuming the Romantic Utopia in Africa through Reality Television: Our Perfect Wedding
Copyright (c) 2025 Sifiso Mnisi, Mthobeli Ngcongo

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
- Articles
- Submited: November 5, 2024
-
Published: December 4, 2025
Abstract
Reality television has challenged our understanding of modern life since its rapid rise in the early 2000s. Reality wedding shows, in particular, claim to portray the authentic expression of love shared by the participants. Research within this genre of reality television has mainly focused on audience reception as well as engagement with the content. However, the steady proliferation of reality wedding shows in Africa has gone largely uncritically celebrated as a sign of romantic love on the continent. Through a multimodal critical discourse analysis of episodes from the South African, Kenyan and Nigerian wedding show Our Perfect Wedding, we argue that the production choices of wedding reality shows are not value free but represent a profit logic co-opting of love by consumerist capitalism in order to perpetuate its existence even within non-Western contexts. We borrow from the concepts of conspicuous consumption and utopia to argue that audiences of reality television wedding shows in Africa are invited to consume displays of opulent consumption under the guise of celebrating utopian love.
Article Metrics Graph
References
- Banerjee, A.V. & Duflo, E. (2007). The economic lives of the poor. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 21(1):141–167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.21.1.141
- Boden, S. (2024). Consumerism, romance and the wedding experience. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Brown, M.E. (1994). Soap opera and women’s talk: the pleasure of resistance. Sage Publications.
- Charoenrook, A. & Thakor, A. (2008). Theory of conspicuous consumption. Available from: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-THEORY-OF-CONSPICUOUS-CONSUMPTION-Charoenrook-Thakor/aa2fb34c8d3c119b82cbfd5a04ed68e2fbc25fb5
- Çoşkun, G.E. (2015). Use of multimodal critical discourse analysis in Media studies. The Online Journal of Communication and Media, 1:40‒43.
- Deery, J. (2015). Reality television. Polity Press.
- Dubrofsky, R.E. & Hardy, A. (2008). Performing race in flavor of love and the bachelor. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 25(4):373‒392. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15295030802327774
- Dunak, K.M. (2013). As long as we both shall love: the white wedding in postwar America. New York University Press.
- Engstrom, E. & Baldrige, L. (2006). The “reality” of reality television wedding. In M. Galician, & D. Merskin. Critical thinking about sex, love, and romance in the mass media: media literacy applications. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
- Erlank, N. (2014). The white wedding: affect and economy in South Africa in the early twentieth century. African Studies Review, 57(2):29–50. doi:10.1017/asr.2014.46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/asr.2014.46
- Ewen, S. (1988). All consuming images: the politics of style in contemporary culture. New York: Basic Books.
- Featherstone, M. (1991). Consumer culture and postmodernism. London: Sage.
- Hefner, V. (2015). Tuning into fantasy: motivations to view wedding television and associated romantic beliefs. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 5(4):307–323. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000079 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000079
- Hill, A. (2020). Reality TV: performances and audiences. In J. Wasko & E.R. Meehan. A companion to television. Wyle-Blackwell, 201‒220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119269465.ch10
- Hunter, M. (2010). Love in the time of AIDS: inequality, gender and rights in South Africa. Indiana University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2979/6085.0
- Illouz, E. (1997). Consuming the romantic utopia: love and the cultural contradictions of capitalism. University of California Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520917996
- Ingraham, C. (2008). White weddings: romancing heterosexuality in popular culture. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203931028
- Iqani, M. & Dosekun, S. (eds.). (2019). African luxury: aesthetics and politics. Intellect Books, UK.
- Iqani, M. (2023). African luxury branding: from soft power to queer futures. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003227038
- Kopytoff, I. (1986). The cultural biography of things: commoditization as process. In A.Appadurai (ed.). The social life of things: commodities in cultural perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 64–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511819582.004
- Machin, D., & Mayr, A. (2012). How to do critical discourse analysis: a multimodal introduction. Sage.
- Masquelier, A. (2005). The scorpion's sting: youth, marriage and the struggle for social maturity in Niger. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 11(1):59‒83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9655.2005.00226.x
- Mbunyuza-Memani, L. (2018). Wedding reality TV bites black: subordinating ethnic weddings in the South African black culture. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 42(1):26‒47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0196859917726047
- Moav, O. and Neeman, Z. (2010). Status and poverty. Journal of the European Economic Association, 8(2–3):413–420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-4774.2010.tb00512.x
- Monson, O., Donaghue, N., & Gill, R. (2016). Working hard on the outside: a multimodal critical discourse analysis of The Biggest Loser Australia. Social Semiotics, 26(5):524–540. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2015.1134821
- Mupotsa, D. (2014). White weddings. Doctoral Thesis. The University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg.
- Nnagbo, E.C. (2020) Ethnography of traditional marriages (Igba-Nkwu) in Southeast Nigeria. DBA thesis. California Southern University.
- O’Halloran, K. (2004). Multimodal discourse analysis: systematic functional perspectives. Continuum.
- Olanga, C., Gesage, B. & Murungi, C. (2015). Planning expertise, variables influencing performance outcomes and management of wedding organization firms in Nairobi County, Kenya. African Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure Studies 1(1).
- Pauli, J. (2011). Celebrating distinctions: common and conspicuous weddings in rural Namibia. Ethnology, 50(2):153‒167.
- Ouellette, L. & Hay, J. (2008). Better living through reality TV: television and post welfare citizenship. Malden, MA: Wiley Blackwell.
- Rohrlich, M. (2015). Randy Fenoli of “Say Yes to the Dress” is a bride’s therapist. The New York Times, 8 October. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/11/fashion/weddings/randy-fenoli-of-say-yes-to-the-dress-is-a-brides-therapist.html. (15 October 2025).
- Posel, D., & Van Wyk, I. (2019). Conspicuous consumption in Africa. Wits University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18772/22019053641
- Sgroi, R. (2006). Consuming reality TV wedding. Ethnologies, 28(2):113‒131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/014985ar
- Smit, A. (2016). Reading South African bridal television: consumption, fantasy and judgement. Communicatio, 42(4):63‒78. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02500167.2016.1252781 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02500167.2016.1252781
- Van Leeuwen, T., & Jewitt, C. (2008). Handbook of visual analysis. Sage publications.
- Veblen, T. (1899). The theory of the leisure class. Macmillan publications.
- Vertoont, S. (2017). Would you date ‘the undateables’? An analysis of the mediated public debate on the reality television show The Undateables. Sexualities, 1‒15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460717699782 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460717699782
- Walsh, H. K. (2005). You just nod and pin and sew and let them do their thing: an analysis of the wedding dress as an artefact and signifier. Ethnologies, 27(2):239‒259. Available from: http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/014048ar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/014048ar
- Wang, Y. (2014). Conspicuous consumption, relationships, and rivals: women’s luxury products as signals to other women. Journal of Consumer Research, 40(5):834–854. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/673256
- Zayas, V., Pandey, G., & Tabak, J. (2017). Red roses and gift chocolates are judged more positively in the U.S. near Valentine’s Day: evidence of naturally occurring cultural priming. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(355):1‒10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00355




