Prospective Solar Energy Technologies for Sustainable and Inclusive Development in BRICS Countries
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Keywords
Solar resource, SDG 7, solar thermal, solar PV, solar technologies, climate change, sustainable development
Abstract
The climate change scenario observed in the last few years calls for immediate attention and planned action. One of the major factors responsible for climate change is fossil fuel-based energy consumption patterns which leads to increased greenhouse gas emissions. Energy availability is important for economic development and improved quality of life, therefore transition to clean renewable energy options is required without compromising on energy availability. According to sustainable development goal number seven, for sustainable and inclusive development it is important to focus on clean and affordable energy for all with consideration for the environment. Here the role of solar energy technologies becomes extremely important, as their carbon footprint is low and can be used for a wide variety of applications. This paper discusses the potential of solar resources for the BRICS countries and the prospective solar thermal and solar PV technologies for each country according to the region-wise resource. BRICS countries represent around 40% of the world's population. The methodology for identifying the prospective solar technologies for the BRICS countries is based on an analysis of the solar resource potential for each country. It is found that all the BRICS countries have good solar potential and can utilize several solar energy technologies to enhance green technology practices. Further, the challenges in the implementation and promotion of solar projects are discussed with suggestions for collaborative research and development in this area. Policy requirements to overcome the limitations of the technologies and their penetration are also pointed out.
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