Main Article Content

Zvenyika Eckson Mugari Midlands State University image/svg+xml https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8628-1370

Kudzaiishe Vanyoro University of Johannesburg image/svg+xml https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8146-9342

Chipo Hungwe Midlands State University image/svg+xml https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8185-9583

Abstract

White lust and Black shame among blacks across all classes is a phenomenon that has not been fully explored and accounted for particularly as part of a residual inter-generational colonial psychosis expressed in everyday talk among black folk in postcolonial Africa. This leads to the questions: What aspects of whiteness or coloniser/colonised transactional relationships do the former colonised blacks manifest in conversations? How does whiteness refracted by class, gender, and ethnicity, remap itself onto new psycho-social relationships among blacks in former British settler colonies like Zimbabwe and South Africa? How are contemporary class differences expressed in terms of distance from or closeness to imagined whiteness in everyday ghetto language and communication? This research analyses meanings that attach to terms murungu (white person), and its plural form varungu (white persons) as used by Shona speaking black Zimbabweans in address or with reference to phenotypical non-white individuals as people engage in naturally occurring and undirected conversational talk in three different locations. In Black Skin White Masks, Fanon broached the idea of the psychotic split personality as a condition suffered by the colonised subject resulting from the colonial situation itself. The situation taught the blacks to place in a pedestal and pursue all that was white, to self-hate and to seek escape from their black skin that kept their soul prisoner. The article seeks to show cases through which everyday talk by black Zimbabweans online and in Zimbabwean based taxis reveals deeper undertones of black shame and an exaltation of whiteness. It concludes that we can still trace colour schizophrenia through everyday talk among ordinary black people of Southern Africa.

References

Andreasson, S. (2011). Africa’s prospects and South Africa’s leadership potential in the emerging markets century. Third world quarterly [online],32(6), pp. 1165-1181. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2011.584725 [accessed on 13 July 2019]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2011.584725

Bhabha, H. K. (2012). The location of culture. London: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203820551

Bhabha, H. (2015). Debating cultural hybridity: Multicultural identities and the politics of anti-racism. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Césaire, A. (1972). Discourse on colonialism. 1955.Translated from French by Joan Pinkham. New York: Monthly Review Press.

Cooper, F. (2019). Africa since 1940: the past of the present (Vol. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108672214

. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dahn, E. (2014). “Unashamedly black”: Jim Crow aesthetics and the visual logic of shame. Multi-ethnic literature of the United DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlu010

States [online], 39.2, pp. 93-114. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1093/melus/mlu010 [accessed 26 June 2020].

Dodson, B. (2018). Gender, mobility and precarity: The experiences of migrant African women in Cape Town, South Africa.

In: Amrith, M. and Sahraoui, N., eds. Gender, work and migration. London: Routledge, p. 99-117.

Du Bois, W. E.B. (1993). On being ashamed of oneself: An essay on race pride. New York: Crisis Publishing Company.

Fanon, F. (1952). Black Skin White Masks. Translated from the French by Charles Lam Markmann. London: Pluto Press.

Fanon, F. (1962). The Wretched of the Earth.New York: Grover. Gibson, N. C. (2008). Upright and free: Fanon in South

Africa, from Biko to the shackdwellers’ movement

(Abahlali baseMjondolo). Social Identities

[online], 14.6, pp. 683-715. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1080/13504630802462802 [accessed 24 August 2020].

Griffin, L. (2011). Unravelling rights: ‘illegal ‘migrant domestic workers in South Africa. South African review of sociology [online], 42.2, pp. 83-101. Available from:https://doi.org/10.1080/21 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2011.582349

2011.582349 [accessed on 15 October 2020].

Goebel, A. (2015). On their own: Women, urbanization, and the right to the city in South Africa (Vol. 3). Monteal: McGill-Queen’s Press-MQUP. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9780773597587

Gupta, S. (2017). Ethical issues in designing internet-based research: Recommendations for good practice. Journal of research practice ,13.2, pp. D1-D1.

Hooks, B. (1992). Representing whiteness in the black imagination.

New York: Routledge.

Hook, D. (2004). Fanon and the psychoanalysis of racism. London: LSE Research Online..

Hook, D. (2004). Frantz Fanon, Steve Biko, ‘psychopolitics’, and critical psychology. London: LSE Research Online.

Hook, D. (2011). Retrieving Biko: a black consciousness critique of whiteness. African identities [online], 9 (1). pp. 19-32. Available from: doi:10.1080/14725843.2011.530442 [accessed 16 June 2020]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14725843.2011.530442

Jinnah, Z. (2020). Negotiated precarity in the global south: A case study of migration and domestic work in South Africa. Studies in social justice [online], 2020(14), pp. 210-227. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v2020i14.1971 [accessed 12 January 2021]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v2020i14.1971

Magubane, B. (2021). Social construction of race and citizenship in South Africa. United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) Conference on Racism and Public Policy, September, Durban, South Africa.Mambrol, N. (2016). Homi Bhabha’s concept of hybridity. Literary Theory and criticism, 8.

Mararike, C. G. (1998). African philosophy and human factor development. In: V. G. Chivaura and C. G. Mararike, eds. The human factor approach to development in Africa. Harare: University of Zimbabwe Publications, pp.87-95.

Marx, K. (1904). A contribution to the critique of political economy. Translated from German by. N. Stone. Chicago: Charles Kerr . Mashiri, P. (2003). Managing ‘face’in urban public transport: Polite request strategies in commuter omnibus discourse in Harare.

AILA review [online], 16, (1), pp. 120-126. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1075/aila.16.11mas [accessed 11 July 2020]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/aila.16.11mas

Mashiri, P. (1999). Terms of address in Shona: A sociolinguistic approach. Zambezia, 26, (1), pp.93-110.

Mawadza, A. (2000). Harare Shona slang: A linguistic study. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/zjh.v27i1.6746

Zambezia, 27,(1), pp. 93-101.

Ndlovu, M. (2014). Just a bunch of unbearable, useless individuals: a decolonial critique on minister Mbalula’s rhetoric of South African exceptionalism. African journal of rhetoric, 6(1),pp. 143-167. Available from: https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs. v12i3.2471 [accessed 12 September 2018].

Knapp van Bogaert, D. and Ogunbanjo, G. A. (2009). Feminism and the ethics of care. South African family practice [online], 51(2), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20786204.2009.10873822

pp. 116-118. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/20786 204.2009.10873822 [accessed 4 February 2019].

Sartre, J.P. and John M.. (1964). Black orpheus. The Massachusetts review 6.1, pp. 13-52.

Spicker, P. (2011). Ethical covert research. Sociology [online].45.1, pp.118-133. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1177/0038038510387195 [accessed15 June 2020]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038510387195

Steyn, M. and Don, F. (2008). Repertoires for talking white: Resistant whiteness in post-apartheid South Africa. Ethnic and racial studies [online], 31(, pp.25-51. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1080/01419870701538851 [accessed 3 August 2021]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870701538851

Townsend, L. and Claire, W.. (2016). Social media research: A guide to ethics. University of Aberdeen, 1(16), pp. 1-16.

Vanyoro, K.P. (2020).. The construction of “normative Zimbabweanness” through demonisation of rage, anger and emotion in select press coverage of the# ZimShutDown protests.Anthropology Southern Africa [online], 43 (3), pp.197-210. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/23323 256.2020.1808028 [accessed 3 January 2021)]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23323256.2020.1808028

Wa Thiong’o, N. (1998). Decolonising the mind. Diogenes, 46 (184), pp.101-104. Available from: https://doi. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/039219219804618409

org/10.1177/039219219804618409 [accessed 3 July 2019].

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Section
Peer Review

How to Cite

‘Ersatz Europeans and Their Minions’: Performing Whiteliness in Non-white Postcolonial African Ghettoes. (2025). The Thinker, 105(4), 111-122. https://doi.org/10.36615/3k5vsv76