COVID-19 as a Call for Prophetic Education in South Africa
Main Article Content
Keywords
COVID-19, education, exposure, disadvantaged groups, South Africa
Abstract
Nelson Mandela’s famous assertion that ‘Education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world’ continues to inspire generations in South Africa. While often invoked to encourage young people to pursue learning, the quotation also serves as a call to lawmakers to redress the deep inequalities that have historically disadvantaged Black communities, ensuring both equitable access and quality in education. The COVID-19 pandemic further exposed and intensified these systemic failures, disproportionately affecting marginalized social and racial groups. Drawing on a critical analysis of public documents and pedagogical theories, this article argues that as long as educational provision remains unequal, the demand for prophetic education as an alternative to secular schooling is not only relevant but urgent. By foregrounding honesty, morality, and justice, Prophetic education offers a transformative model capable of addressing entrenched inequities. The article examines the shortcomings of the current system, highlights the lessons revealed by the pandemic, and proposes pathways through which Prophetic education can contribute to reconciliation, empowerment, and sustainable national development.
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References
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———. 2024. “The Pastoral Role in Moral Regeneration – A South African Perspective.” In die Skriflig / In Luce Verbi 58 (1): 10 pages. https://doi.org/10.4102/ids.v58i1.2993.
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MacIntyre, A. 2007. After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory. University of Notre Dame Press.
Maduewesi, E. 2006. “Teaching Moral and Ethical Behaviour as the Foundation for Leadership.” The Source – A Journal of the National Association for Bible Knowledge Teachers of Nigeria 16: 6–15.
Maemonah, Maemonah, H. Zuhri, Masturin Masturin, Ahmad Syafii, and Hafidh Aziz. 2023. “Contestation of Islamic Educational Institutions in Indonesia: Content Analysis on Social Media.” Cogent Education 10 (1): 2164019. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2164019.
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Mbiti, John S. 1969. African Religions and Philosophy. Heinemann.
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Mohamed, Shenilla. 2020. “South Africa: Broken and Unequal Education Perpetuating Poverty and Inequality.” Amnesty International News, February 11. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/02/south-africa-broken-and-unequal-education-perpetuating-poverty-and-inequality/.
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Sholeh, M. 2018. “Implementation of Prophetic Education in Primary Education Institutions.” Edukasi 6 (2): 227–46.
Runcan, P. L., and R. R. Runcan. 2021. “Role of Christian Moral Education in Preventing Antisocial Behavior.” In Taras Shevchenko 6th International Congress on Social Sciences.
Sifuna, D. N. 1990. Development of Education in Africa: The Kenyan Experience. Initiative Publishers.
Third World Theology, ed. 1985. “The Kairos Document: A Theological Comment on the Political Crisis in South Africa.” Skotaville Publishers.
Strauss, S.A. 2002. “Kerklik.” In Reformerend die Millennium in: Ons Calvinistiese Erfenis en Roeping, edited by E.J. Van Niekerk and H.J. Hayes. VCHO.
Supriyanto, Agus, Sri Hartini, Wahyu Nila Irdasari, Aulia Miftahul, Siska Oktapiana, and Sesya Dias Mumpuni. 2020. “Teacher Professional Quality: Counselling Services with Technology in Pandemic Covid-19.” Counsellia: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling 10 (2): 176–89. https://doi.org/10.25273/counsellia.v10i2.7768.
Van Der Walt, Johannes. 2016. “Christian Philosophy of Education in South Africa: The Cultural-Historical Activity Theory to the Rescue?” Koers 81 (2): 18–26. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.81.2.2262.
Wilson, Francis. 2011. “Historical Roots of Inequality in South Africa.” Economic History of Developing Regions 26 (1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/20780389.2011.583026.
Writer, S. 2021. “Union Calls for Temporary School Closure in South Africa.” Businesstech, June 21. https://businesstech.co.za/news/government/499859/union-calls-for-temporary-school-closure-in-south-africa/.
———. 2022. “New Research Shows Why Graduates Can’t Find Work in South Africa.” Businesstech, June 7. https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/594238/new-research-shows-why-graduates-cant-find-work-in-south-africa/.
Anwuluorah, O. P., and S. C. Okafor-Udah. 2015. “The Perspective of Christian Moral Education for Good Governance in Nigeria”. UNIZIK Journal of Religion and Human Relations 7 (1): 63–69. https://doi.org/10.4314/jrhr.v7i1.
Baloyi, Magezi E. 2021a. “The Paradox of the Reopening of Schools under the Lockdown – An Exposure of the Continued Inequalities within the South African Educational Sector: A Theological Decolonial View.” HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 77 (4). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i4.6365.
———. 2021b. “The Critical Evaluation of Educators’ Struggles in the Context of Covid-19: Some Theological Analysis.” Advances in Developmental and Educational Psychology 3 (1): 121–29. https://doi.org/10.25082/ADEP.2021.01.005.
———. 2024. “The Pastoral Role in Moral Regeneration – A South African Perspective.” In die Skriflig / In Luce Verbi 58 (1): 10 pages. https://doi.org/10.4102/ids.v58i1.2993.
Sievertsen, Hans H., and Simon Burgess. 2020. “Schools, Skills, and Learning: The Impact of COVID-19 on Education.” VOX EU/CEPR, April 1. https://voxeu.org/article/impact-covid-19-education.
Chukwuma, Victor Priest. 2022. “The Role of Christian Education in Building Skills and Instilling Moral Values among Students in Higher Ed Institutions for National Unity and Economic Advancement in Sub-Saharan Africa.” OKH Journal: Anthropological Ethnography and Analysis Through the Eyes of Christian Faith 6 (1). https://doi.org/10.18251/okh.v6i1.139.
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Christian Education South Africa versus Minister of Education of the Government of the RSA. 1999. High Court, Southeastern Cape Local Division. https://gimmenotes.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/SCL1502-christian_education_sa_v_minister_of_education_rsa__
corporal_punishment_case.pdf.
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Evans, Carol, Camille Kandiko Howson, Alex Forsythe, and Corony Edwards. 2021[a]. “What Constitutes High Quality Higher Education Pedagogical Research?” Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 46 (4): 525–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2020.1790500.
Evans, William, Robert A. Gable, and Amany Habib. 2021[b]. “Lessons from the Past and Challenges for the Future: Inclusive Education for Students with Unique Needs.” Education Sciences 11 (6): 281. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11060281.
Freire, P. 1973. Education for the Critical Consciousness. Continuum.
———. 1990[1970]. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Herder and Herder.
Gutierrez, G. 1973. A Theology of Liberation. Orbis.
Horowski, Jarosław. 2020. “Christian Religious Education and the Development of Moral Virtues: A Neo-Thomistic Approach.” British Journal of Religious Education 42 (4): 447–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/01416200.2020.1752618.
Isbell, Thomas. 2020. “AD358: Covid-19 Lockdown in South Africa Highlights Unequal Access to Services.” Afro Barometer Dispatch 358, April 28. https://www.afrobarometer.org/publication/ad358-covid-19-lockdown-south-africa-highlights-unequal-access-services/.
Jansen, C. A., Pretorius, F. J., and Ej van Niekerk. 2009. “Education and the Role of the Church in Africa: Three Relevant Aspects.” Koers 74 (1/2): 67–85.
Jansen, J. 2023. “For Starters, Be Honest About Education’s Dire State.” Sunday Times, February 5.
Kotimah, Siti Kusnul, Achmad Patoni, Ngainun Naim, Nur Aini Latifah, Akhyak, and Maftukhin. 2021. “Implementation Of Prophetic Education In Developing Students Characters At Mtsn Kunir Wonodadi Blitar Indonesia.” IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education 11 (2): 5–13.
Kumalo, S. R. 2005. “Doing Christian Education at the Edges in South Africa: A Review of the Work of Bongani Mazibuko as a Christian Educator and Missiologist.” Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae 31 (2): 105–27.
Lederman, D. 2020. “Faculty Confidence in Online Learning Grows.” Inside Higher Education, October 5. https://www.insidehighered.com/digital-learning/article/2020/10/06/
covid-era-experience-strengthens-faculty-belief-value-online.
Kigotho, W. 2019. “Unskilled Graduates Struggle to Find Decent Jobs—Report.” University World News, July 20. https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=2019071710371
8298.
Lehohla, P. 2016. Education Series Volume III: Educational Enrolment and Achievement, 2016/Statistics South Africa. https://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/Report%2092-01-03/Report%2092-01-032016.pdf.
Lloyd, A. S. 1972. “Freire, Conscientization, and Adult Education.” Adult Education Quarterly 23: 3–20.
MacIntyre, A. 2007. After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory. University of Notre Dame Press.
Maduewesi, E. 2006. “Teaching Moral and Ethical Behaviour as the Foundation for Leadership.” The Source – A Journal of the National Association for Bible Knowledge Teachers of Nigeria 16: 6–15.
Maemonah, Maemonah, H. Zuhri, Masturin Masturin, Ahmad Syafii, and Hafidh Aziz. 2023. “Contestation of Islamic Educational Institutions in Indonesia: Content Analysis on Social Media.” Cogent Education 10 (1): 2164019. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2164019.
Matangira, L. 2021. “1,169 Teachers, 19 Pupils Succumbed to Covid-19 Since March 2020-Dept.” Eyewitness News, February 14.
Maqhina, M. 2020. “There’s No Need to Employ Extra Teachers, Says Angie.” https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/theres-no-need-to-employ-extra-teachers-says-angie-motshekga-50088802.
Maathai, Wangari. 2009. The Challenge for Africa: A New Vision. Heinemann.
Mbinqo-Gigaba, B. 2020. “Reopening of Schools Progress Report, with Deputy Minister.” Parliamentary Monitoring Group. Government Report. Posted June 30. https://pmg.org.za/committee-meeting/30560/.
Mbiti, John S. 1969. African Religions and Philosophy. Heinemann.
McKeever, Matthew. 2017. “Educational Inequality in Apartheid South Africa.” American Behavioral Scientist 61 (1): 114–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764216682988.
Mohamed, Shenilla. 2020. “South Africa: Broken and Unequal Education Perpetuating Poverty and Inequality.” Amnesty International News, February 11. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/02/south-africa-broken-and-unequal-education-perpetuating-poverty-and-inequality/.
Mishra, Lokanath, Tushar Gupta, and Abha Shree. 2020. “Online Teaching-Learning in Higher Education during Lockdown Period of COVID-19 Pandemic.” International Journal of Educational Research Open 1: 100012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100012.
Ngqakamba, S. 2020. “Lockdown: It Is Back to School for Teachers Who Were on Leave Due to Comorbidities.” News 24, September 19. https://www.news24.com/lockdown-it-is-back-to-school-for-teachers-who-were-on-leave-due-to-comorbidities-20200919.
Okolie, Ugochukwu Chinonso, Paul Agu Igwe, Hyginus Emeka Nwosu, Beatrice Chinyere Eneje, and Sunday Mlanga. 2020. “Enhancing Graduate Employability: Why Do Higher Education Institutions Have Problems with Teaching Generic Skills?” Policy Futures in Education 18 (2): 294–313. https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210319864824.
Otonti, A.N. 1983. “Overview of Historical, Sociological, Ethical and Religious Issues Involved in Moral Education.” In New Perspectives in Moral Education, edited by A.N. Otonti and E.O. Iheoma. Evans Publishers.
Pheto, B. 2023. “What We Need Is Jobs, Mr President. To Diepsloot Residents, Ramaphosa’s Priority Is More Than Obvious.” Sunday Times, February 5: 6.
Plitnichenko, L. 2020. “10 Challenges of E-Learning During Covid-19.” JellyFish.tech, August 16. https://jellyfish.tech/blog/10-challenges-of-e-learning-during-covid-19/.
Reddie, Anthony G. 2023. “Transformative Education, Participative Black Theology and the Challenge of Making a Difference.” Religions 14 (7): 890. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14070890.
Sholeh, M. 2018. “Implementation of Prophetic Education in Primary Education Institutions.” Edukasi 6 (2): 227–46.
Runcan, P. L., and R. R. Runcan. 2021. “Role of Christian Moral Education in Preventing Antisocial Behavior.” In Taras Shevchenko 6th International Congress on Social Sciences.
Sifuna, D. N. 1990. Development of Education in Africa: The Kenyan Experience. Initiative Publishers.
Third World Theology, ed. 1985. “The Kairos Document: A Theological Comment on the Political Crisis in South Africa.” Skotaville Publishers.
Strauss, S.A. 2002. “Kerklik.” In Reformerend die Millennium in: Ons Calvinistiese Erfenis en Roeping, edited by E.J. Van Niekerk and H.J. Hayes. VCHO.
Supriyanto, Agus, Sri Hartini, Wahyu Nila Irdasari, Aulia Miftahul, Siska Oktapiana, and Sesya Dias Mumpuni. 2020. “Teacher Professional Quality: Counselling Services with Technology in Pandemic Covid-19.” Counsellia: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling 10 (2): 176–89. https://doi.org/10.25273/counsellia.v10i2.7768.
Van Der Walt, Johannes. 2016. “Christian Philosophy of Education in South Africa: The Cultural-Historical Activity Theory to the Rescue?” Koers 81 (2): 18–26. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.81.2.2262.
Wilson, Francis. 2011. “Historical Roots of Inequality in South Africa.” Economic History of Developing Regions 26 (1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/20780389.2011.583026.
Writer, S. 2021. “Union Calls for Temporary School Closure in South Africa.” Businesstech, June 21. https://businesstech.co.za/news/government/499859/union-calls-for-temporary-school-closure-in-south-africa/.
———. 2022. “New Research Shows Why Graduates Can’t Find Work in South Africa.” Businesstech, June 7. https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/594238/new-research-shows-why-graduates-cant-find-work-in-south-africa/.
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Dec 3, 2025
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COVID-19 as a Call for Prophetic Education in South Africa. (2025). Utambuzi: Journal for the Study of the Religions of Africa and Its Diaspora, 8(2), 19-32. https://doi.org/10.36615/4hc2z753
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How to Cite
COVID-19 as a Call for Prophetic Education in South Africa. (2025). Utambuzi: Journal for the Study of the Religions of Africa and Its Diaspora, 8(2), 19-32. https://doi.org/10.36615/4hc2z753
