Feminist Research into Gendered Violence Developing PhotoVOICE 2.0 in Zambia as a Participatory Arts-based Research Method
Main Article Content
Keywords
photvoice, participatory arts-based research, violence against women, violence against children, feminist methodologies, Zambia
Abstract
Researching violence, especially within homes, families or closed community spaces, is often challenging. PhotoVOICE 2.0 is an innovative technology-assisted adaptation of the participatory arts-based research (PABR) method, Photovoice. It was developed and piloted in 2018 by the authors to conduct research on the ways the Anglican Mothers’ Union in Zambia contributes to and/or resists violence against women and violence against children. This article discusses the methodological underpinnings and origins of this method and offers an overview of its implementation in Zambia. Several key insights emerge regarding how PhotoVOICE 2.0 enables feminist, participatory arts-based research, including that it empowers local community co-researchers and amplifies the voices of insiders to the specific institution being researched in ways that can support feminist research aims for social transformation. The technological component of the method centers PABR methods throughout the whole research process. The article concludes by emphasizing the extraordinary disruptive power of the PhotoVOICE 2.0 method in subverting existing hierarchies of knowledge and control and highlighting its continued evolution in new settings.
Article Metrics Graph
References
Baker, Tamara, and Caroline Wang. “Photovoice: Use of a Participatory Action Research Method to Explore the Chronic Pain Experience in Older Adults.” Qualitative Health Research 16, no.10 (2006):1405–413.
Beckman, Linda J. “Training feminist research methodology: doing research on the margins.” Women & Therapy 37, no.1-2 (2014): 164–177.
Bergen, Nicole, and Ronald Labonté. “Everything Is Perfect, and We Have No Problems: Detecting and Limiting Social Desirability Bias in Qualitative Research.” Qualitative Health Research 30, no.5 (2020): 783–792.
Brown, Nicole. “Scope and continuum of participatory research.” International Journal of Research & Method in Education 45, no.2 (2022): 200–211.
Budig, Kirsten, Julia Diez, Paloma Conde, Marta Sastre, Mariano Hernán and Manuel Franco. “Photovoice and empowerment: evaluating the transformative potential of a participatory action research project.” BMC Public Health 18, (2018): 432.
Buckley, C. Made in patriarchy: Toward a feminist analysis of women and design. Design Issues, 3, no.2 (1986): 3–14.
Castleden, Heather, Theresa Garvin and Huu-ay-aht First Nation. “Modifying Photovoice for community-based participatory Indigenous research.” Social Science & Medicine 66 (2008): 1393–405.
Central Statistical Office Zambia, Ministry of Health Zambia, & ICF International. Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2013–14. Rockville, Maryland, USA: Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Health, and ICF International, 2014.
Chilton, Gioia, and Patricia Leavy. “Arts-based Research Practice: Merging Social Research and the Creative Arts.” In Oxford Handbook of Qualitative Research, edited by Patricia Leavy, 2nd edition, 601–32. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2020.
Chryssides, George D. and Gregg, Stephen E. eds., The Insider/Outsider Debate: New Perspectives in the Study of Religion. Bristol: Equinox, 2019.
Chonody, Jill., Barbara Ferman, Jill Amitrani-Welsh, and Travis Martin. “Violence through the eyes of youth: a Photovoice exploration.” Journal of Community Psychology 41, no.1 (2013): 84–101.
Coemans, Sara, Qingchun Wang, Joyce Leysen and Karin Hannes. “The use of arts-based methods in community-based research with vulnerable populations: Protocol for a scoping review.” International Journal of Educational Research 71, (2015): 33–39.
Fenge, Lee-Ann. “Using Participatory Arts-Based Approaches to Promote Inclusive Research.” In The Handbook of Social Inclusion, edited by P Liamputtong, 511–26. Springer, Cham, 2021.
Kandiyoti, Deniz. “Bargaining with patriarchy.” Gender and Society, 2, no. 3 (1988): 274–290.
Le Roux, Elisabet, and Palm, Selina. What lies beneath? Tackling the roots of religious resistance to ending child marriage. London: Girls Not Brides, 2017.
Le Roux, Elisabet, “Can religious women choose? Holding the tension between complicity and agency.” African Journal for Gender and Religion 25, no.1 (2019): 1–19.
Macule, Salvador A. and Sarojini Nadar. “Women oppressing women: The cultivation of Espris de Corps in Xirilo (Women’s Association) of the UCCSA in Mozambique.” The Ecumenical Review 64, no. 3 (2012): 357–365.
Ministry of Youth, Sport and Child Development, Ministry of Community Development and Social Services, University of Zambia, United Nations Children's Fund, Save the Children International, United States, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2018. Violence against Children in Zambia: Findings from a national survey, 2014. Ministry of Youth, Sport and Child Development, Lusaka. [Online]. Available at: https://www.unicef.org/zambia/media/1091/file [2019. May 7].
Morris, Julia E and Lisa F Paris. “Rethinking arts-based research methods in education: enhanced participant engagement processes to increase research credibility and knowledge translation.” International Journal of Research & Method in Education 45, no. 1 (2022): 99–112.
Mothers’ Union A. 2018. Our story. [Online]. Available at: https://www.mothersunion.org/our-story/our-history [2019, May 7}.
Nadar, Sarojini, and Cheryl Potgieter. “Living It Out. Liberated Through Submission? The Worthy Woman’s Conference as a Case Study of Formenism,” Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 26 (2010): 141–151.
Nunn, Caitlin. “The participatory arts-based research project as an exceptional sphere of belonging.” Qualitative Research 22, no. 2 (2020): 251–68.
Palm, Selina. A space to feel free? Digital Storytelling around gender-based violence at the University of the Western Cape (UWC). Findings from student-led research in 2022. South Africa: University of the Western Cape, 2024.
Palm, Selina. “Seen but not heard? Engaging the mechanisms of faith to end violence against children.” In Childhood Vulnerabilities in South Africa: Some Ethical Perspectives, edited by Chris Jones and Jan Grobbelaar. 33-64. AOSIS. South Africa, 2020.
Pertek, Sandra I, and Elisabet le Roux, On the Significance of Religion in Violence Against Women and Girls. London: Routledge, 2023.
Seppälä, Tiina, Melanie Sarantou and Satu Miettinen, (eds.) Arts-Based Methods for Decolonising Participatory Research. New York. Routledge, 2021.
Suprapto, Nadi, Titi Candra Sunarti, Suliyanah Suliyanah, Desi Wulandari, Hasan Nuurul Hidayaatullaah, Alif Syaiful Adam and Husni Mubarok. “A systematic review of photovoice as participatory action research strategies.” International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education 9 no. 3 (2020): 675–83.
Thomas, Sian N, Sanne Weber, and Caroline Bradbury-Jones. “Using Participatory and Creative Methods to Research Gender-Based Violence in the Global South and With Indigenous Communities: Findings from a Scoping Review.” Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 23, no. 2 (2022): 342–55.
US Department of State. 2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Zambia. [Online]: https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom/zambia/ [2024. April 12].
Walby, Sylva. Theorizing Patriarchy. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1990.
Wang, Caroline, and Mary-Ann Burris. “Photovoice: Concept, Methodology and Use for Participatory Needs Assessment,” Health Education and Behaviour 24, no. 3 (1997): 369–87.
Westmarland, Nicole & Hannah Bows, Researching Gender, Violence and Abuse. Theory, Methods and Action. London and New York: Routledge, 2019.